Writing Notes

Passive and Active Voice

Active voice means that the subject of the sentence is doing the action
EX: Tucker loves coffee
Passive voice means the subject of the sentence is receiving the action
EX: Coffee is loved by Tucker
Coffee becomes the subject
Passive voice means you see the word by
Passive
The girl was attacked by the dog
The song was written by the girl
Active
The dog attacked the girl

The girl wrote the song

How to
Key Notes and Points

Claim

-states clear position
- wording is too boring or too many words
- present only ONE claim
- if you only present one claim about a text, Include title and author

Quote intro

- who is speaking?
- what is happening?

Things you should Know

- write in THIRD person
- no contractions
- stop using "things"
- two sentences minimum of analysis

Claim example

In Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451, he uses short sentences and personification to build suspense and create tension when Montag runs from the police.

When Montag arrives at Faber's home out of breath and upset, he laments, "I've been a fool.."(Bradbury 130).


Avoiding Plagiarism

Direct Quotation
- Integrating all/ part of an original quote from source material in your writing with quotation marks & proper citation

Paraphrasing
- putting quote from source material into ones own words
- cite the source
- shorter and broader segment

Summarizing
- only putting in the main ideas
- necessary to credit the original source

Plagiarism
-represent words, ideas, info obtained by other sources intentionally or unintentionally
- include proper citation

Key Points
- direct quote used sparingly

- summarize/ paraphrasing

Introductions
science or english or both

HOOK:
-unusal fact or statistic
-interesting quote
-sometimes question are okay
-data based fact or statistic for a lab
-NO questions in intro

-trantsion-explain
-Why? Hypotheseis in other words

Argumentative Paragraph Notes

Claim: Your position on topic & 1 reason
Viruses are not alive because [reason #1].

Data: Quote by experts, data/numbers from a large study, information rich (citation)
In her article "Living Viruses" Judy Miller PhD states "________" (Miller)

Warrant: Explain and analyze how your data supports your claim. Unpack the data in 2-3 sentences.
NO you or your
I believe 
I think
In my opinion

Counterclaim: Present an opinion opposite from your initial claim
Write in the objective third person (ex: he, she, scientists, the scientific community, studies, etc.)

Rebuttal: Present another piece of data (a quote from an expert or statistic/numbers from a study) to prove the counterclaim is not as strong as your initial claim. Explain & analyze how that data refutes or weakens the counterclaim.

Concluding Statement: Restate your main point in different words.
Mic drop